CAM Ligands

CD247 (T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain) together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response.

ITGA5 (Integrin alpha-5) is a 115-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein. Integrin alpha-5 subunit is the common alpha-5 chain of the very late antigen (VLA) forming a non-covalent heterodimeric complex with the integrin beta-1 subunit, a receptor for fibrinogen and extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin. Alpha-5/beta-1 integrin is an important adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions by recognizing the RGD canonical sequence in ligands. In addition to adhesion, integrins are known to participate in cell-surface mediated signaling.

FGB (Fibrinogen beta chain) is part of the blood coagulation system. It is the beta component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types.

FGFR4 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4) is a tyrosine-protein kinase. It is a receptor for acidic fibroblast growth factor but does not bind to basic fibroblast growth factor. FGFR4 acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and in regulation of lipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, glucose uptake, vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis.

LAMB1 (Laminin, beta 1) is a major component of the basal lamina. Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis.